Standing offer: IEER will award $25 to the first person to notify us of an arithmetic error appearing in an IEER publication (as well as our gratitude for keeping us on our toes!)
Errata in Science for Democratic Action
Nuclear Power Costs, Alternatives, France, and Yucca Mountain (Vol. 15, No. 2)
Published on Jan 9, 2008
- The following quote in "A Reliable Renewable Electricity Grid in the United States," which appears on page 9 (at the bottom right) of SDA vol. 15, no. 2 (January 2008):
"It was found that an average of 33% and a maximum of 47% of yearly-averaged wind power from interconnected farms can be used as reliable, baseload electric power. Equally significant, interconnecting multiple wind farms to a common point, then connecting that point to a far-away city can allow the long-distance portion of transmission capacity to be reduced, for example, by 20% with only a 1.6% loss of energy."
should have read:"It was found that an average of 33% and a maximum of 47% of yearly averaged wind power from interconnected farms can be used as reliable, baseload electric power. Equally significant, interconnecting multiple wind farms to a common point and then connecting that point to a far-away city can allow the long-distance portion of transmission capacity to be reduced, for example, by 20% with only a 1.6% loss of energy."
The quoted passage should have cited page 1701 of the following source:Cristina L. Archer and Mark Z. Jacobson. "Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v.46 (November 2007) pages 1701-1717. On the web at http://www.stanford.edu/group/efmh/winds/aj07_jamc.pdf.
Healthy from the Start / Tritium (Vol. 14, No. 4)
Published on Feb 5, 2007
- The following sentence in "Health Risks of Tritium," which begins on page 1 and is continued at the top of page 10, of SDA vol. 14, no. 4 (February 2007):
"For example, one gram (approximately the weight of a quarter of a teaspoon of salt) of tritium in tritiated water will contaminate almost 500 billion gallons of water up to the current drinking water limit of 20,000 picocuries per liter set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)."
should have read:"For example, one gram (approximately the weight of a quarter of a teaspoon of salt) of tritium in tritiated water will contaminate almost 500 billion liters of water up to the current drinking water limit of 20,000 picocuries per liter set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)."
NATO's Nuclear Conflict / Democratizing Money (Vol. 12, No. 1)
Published on Dec 15, 2003
- The following endnote (no.14) in "Democratizing Money" on page 12 of SDA vol. 12, no. 1 (December 2003) gives a now bad link to a Web page:
14. Keynes' ideas are set forth in Proposals for an International Clearing Union, Draft of the British government's proposal sent to U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau, Jr. by the British War Cabinet, Official Committee on the Post-War External Economic Problems and Anglo-American Co-operation, August 28, 1942. On the Web at http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/Exhibition/keynes/pdf/62.pdf.
The corrected link appears below:14. Keynes' ideas are set forth in Proposals for an International Clearing Union, Draft of the British government's proposal sent to U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau, Jr. by the British War Cabinet, Official Committee on the Post-War External Economic Problems and Anglo-American Co-operation, August 28, 1942. On the Web at http://www.lib.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/keynes_harrod/pdf/62.pdf.
U.S. Energy Policy / Rokkasho Nuclear Fuel Complex (Vol. 9, No. 4)
Published on Aug 15, 2001
- The following sentence in "Dear Arjun" on page 15, column 2, line 6 of SDA vol. 9, no. 4 (August 2001):
"While PBMRs would reduce the amount of waste volume per unit of power production, there would still be an enormous amount of radioactive waste that would result, posing the familiar problem of what to do with long-lived radioactive waste."
should have read:"While the amount of radioactivity present in the reactor at any time per unit of power produced would be less in PBMRs than in LWRs, the volume of spent fuel would be considerably greater, posing the familiar problem of what to do with long-lived radioactive waste."
Waste Transmutation / Energy for Peace; Nuclear Power Deception (Vol. 8, No. 3)
Published on May 23, 2000
- Page 5. Column 1. First two equations of the section called The Physics of Transmutation should read: I-129 (1.6x107 years) + n ==> I-130m (9 minutes) ==> I-130 (12 hours) ==> Xe-130 (stable) + e Cs-135 (2.3x106 years) + n ==> Cs-136m (19 seconds) ==> Cs-136 (13 days) ==> Ba-136m (0.3 seconds) + e ==> Ba-136 (stable)
- Page 5. Column 2. Last equation should read: Pu-239 + n ==> Pu-240 ==> Te-135 (19 seconds) + Mo-102 (11 minutes) + 3 n I-135 (6.6 hours) + eTc-102m (4.4 minutes) + e Xe-135 m (15 minutes) + e Tc-102 (5.3 seconds) Xe-135 (9.1 hours) Ru-102 (stable) + e Cs-135m (53 minutes) + e Cs-135 (2.3x106 years)
Nuclear Weapons and the Rule of Law (Vol. 8, No. 2)
Published on Feb 23, 2000
- Page 12. Correction: As of September 18, 1998, there are 187 States parties to the NPT, with four States remaining outside: Cuba, India, Israel, and Pakistan.
- The box on page 17 should have indicated that Italy has signed and ratified the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
Radioactive Waste Management in Russia and France / Reflections on the NATO Bombing (Vol. 7, No. 4)
Published on Jul 22, 1999
- Page 7. Correction: As of September 18, 1998, there are 187 States parties to the NPT, with four States remaining outside: Cuba, India, Israel, and Pakistan.
Cleaning Up the Cold War Mess (Vol. 7, No. 2)
Published on Jan 22, 1999
- The Dear Arjun column on page 21 contains a confusing sentence that we would like to clarify. In a discussion on chemical breakdown caused by radiolysis, we wrote that:
They [chemical reactions resulting from radiolysis] also frequently result in the generation of hydrogen gas due to the radiolysis of water and of organic compounds, as well as of other toxic and flammable compounds.
A better way of stating that would have been:Radiolysis of waste and organic compounds frequently results in the generation of hydrogen gas, as well as of other toxic and flammable compounds.
Errata in Technical Reports
The Use of Reference Man in Radiation Protection Standards and Guidance with Recommendations for Change
Published on Apr 9, 2009
- For clarification, IEER issued Revision 1 (April 2009) with the following changes:
On page 8 and page 27, as part of Recommendation 2, the second bulleted point was changed to: “EPA’s limit
sto the whole body (25 millirem per year), thyroid (75 millirem per year), and any other organ (25 millirem per year) underof 25 millirem from nuclear fuel cycle operations (40 CFR 190)”
Radiation Exposures in the Vicinity of the Uranium Facility in Apollo, Pennsylvania (1998)
Published on Feb 2, 1998
- The following paragraph, appearing at the bottom of page 25 and the top of 26 of Radiation Exposures in the Vicinity of the Uranium Facility in Apollo, Pennsylvania (1998):
"The NUMEC source term estimate is far lower than that estimated by the AEC in 1966 for the same period. The AEC estimated emissions for the period up to October 1965 to be 17,000 grams of U-235, or about 1 curie (14,000 grams of uranium-235 due to routine emissions and 3,000 grams due to the February 9, 1963 fire in the uranium vault). This is more than three times larger than the NUMEC estimate. Moreover, the AEC stated that this stack emission estimate to October 31, 1965 “is considered to be a minimum because Division of Compliance inspectors have noted that stack gas surveys were not performed on stacks at times when loss rates might be expected to be abnormally high. There does not appear to be any way to estimate the extent (if any) to which the estimated 110 d/m/M3 average loss rate may be lower than actual.”"
should have read:"The NUMEC source term estimate is far lower than that estimated by the AEC in 1966 for the same period. The AEC estimated emissions for the period up to October 1965 to be 14,000 grams of uranium-235, or about 0.8 curies, which is about 2.6 times larger than the NUMEC estimate. In addition, there was an estimated loss of 3,000 grams of uranium-235 due to a fire in the uranium vault on February 9, 1963, which may conservatively be assumed to have been released to the air. Moreover, the AEC stated that its own stack emission estimate to October 31, 1965 “is considered to be a minimum because Division of Compliance inspectors have noted that stack gas surveys were not performed on stacks at times when loss rates might be expected to be abnormally high. There does not appear to be any way to estimate the extent (if any) to which the estimated 110 d/m/M3 average loss rate may be lower than actual."